Political Turmoil in Thailand: Parliament Dissolution Looms After PM Ouster

Thailand’s political crisis intensified on Wednesday as caretaker Prime Minister Phumtham Wechayachai submitted a decree to dissolve parliament, seeking royal approval in a bid to prevent rival leader Anutin Charnvirakul from forming a new government. The action comes after Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra was recently fired by the Constitutional Court for unethical behavior, leaving the ruling Pheu Thai party struggling to hold onto power.  In an attempt to change the political landscape, Pheu Thai has gone to the king to approve a fast election as its coalition is disintegrating and its support is waning.

Anutin, leader of the Bhumjaithai Party and former health minister, announced he had secured enough backing to lead a minority government. His coalition includes seven parties and 146 seats, and he has gained the crucial support of the opposition People’s Party, which holds 143 seats. Though the People’s Party will not join his government, their endorsement could help Anutin reach the 247-seat threshold needed to become prime minister. In exchange, Anutin has promised to call new elections within four months.

The legality of Phumtham’s action is not clear since experts disagree on whether a caretaker government is allowed to dissolve parliament. Ultimately, the decision will rest with King Maha Vajiralongkorn. If he approves the decision, the elections will occur.Phumtham stated that returning power to the people was essential, but acknowledged that the matter lies within the royal prerogative.

The turmoil marks another chapter in Thailand’s long-running political saga involving the Shinawatra family. Paetongtarn, the sixth prime minister from or backed by the dynasty, was ousted just months into her tenure, continuing a pattern of judicial and military interventions. Pheu Thai, once a dominant force, now faces protests and internal fractures, while Anutin’s rise signals a shift in alliances and momentum.

As early as Friday, the new prime minister may be put to a parliamentary vote. People’s Party leader Natthaphong Ruengpanyawut emphasized that their decision was aimed at preventing the return of an ineffective coalition and shielding the democratic process from external interference. As the country braces for a possible election, the outcome could reshape Thailand’s political future once again.